Non-formal education contributes significantly to improve the literacy and livelihoods of individuals. Its significance becomes much more in developing countries where 70% of the world population lives. However, population densities, geographical diversities, and varied socioeconomic conditions in many developing countries make it difficult to offer need-based non-formal education (NFE) to all. Fortunately, open, distance, and digital education (ODDE) has emerged as a viable approach to offer quality non-formal education programs at a minimal cost.
