A new trend has taken shape, one that many colleges and universities are increasingly embracing, perhaps without a comprehensive study of the facts. Large textbook publishers -- the same companies that drove up book prices by more than 1,000% in the past -- have begun selling proprietary digital materials and convincing colleges, universities and even higher-education governing boards to institute new student fees to pay for access to their content.
https://www.tennessean.com/story/opinion/2019/07/12/adding-fees-access-digital-textbooks-re-creates-monopoly/1709373001/